The critical point about Bayesian inference, then, is that it provides a principled way of combining new evidence with prior beliefs, through the application of Bayes` rule. (Contrast this with frequentist inference, which relies only on the evidence as a whole, with no reference to prior beliefs.) Furthermore, Bayes` rule can be applied iterati.....
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_inference
Statistical inference in which probabilities are interpreted not as frequencies or proportions, but rather as degrees of belief. A prior distribution for a certain random variable is assumed; then this is modified, in the light of experimentation, using Bayes' theorem. Pierre Laplace applied Bayesia...
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http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/B/Bayesian_inference.html
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